cátedra II

Scotland, the land of Paradise

1.     Things visitors should know.

Clan system: all people belong to a clan; the extended family group. Each clan has a chieftain (the tribal head), a tartan and a badge.

The tartan is the pattern of wool cloth used for the skirts worn by Scottish men each clan has an area. Don´t forget to ask a tour guide about the area of Scotland you intend to visit. This way, you will be able to identify that lived there.

The official religion is Christianity, mostly of some protestant variety. Christianity in Scotland is more intense than Christianity in England. Many Scots respect the Lord´s Day and they don´t work; no cooking, no cleaning and no washing clothes!

The Lord´s Day is for reading the Bible and contemplating your eternal soul. You´d better not listen to the radio or watch TV.

Kilt: Scottish men wear skirts whish are called kilts.

               

2.     Attractions you can´t miss.

The Highland games: you can´t miss the curious spectacle of big hairy men in skirts and vests chucking big logs and swinging iron balls on chains around their heads.

The Pipe Bands: Group of pipers, usually men, wearing the same skirts, fancy jackets and strange little hats. They play their pipes in the streets.

3.     Cities to visit

Edinburgh: A beautiful old city built in very hilly ground: a city to fall in love with. Multiple street levels, walkways and closes. Places to see: the old town castle, museums and the Botanical Gardens containing plants from all over the world.

City of Aberdeen: Known as the Granite city. Admire the granite buildings with the grandiose architecture. Beautiful beaches with lovely sand, wild shores with rock pools. Also appreciate its vibrant art scenes including theatre, craft and fine art and music.

Golspie: Village in Sutherland. The big burn – a walk up The Burn is delightful. Don´t miss the Enchanted Garden behind Main Street on the seashore. It looks like a mini village with gardens, little walls, fences and houses with dolls, gnomes and animals here and there.

Activity I

Read the text and complete the sentence (Meaning and Use)

A. This text is written for a     journalist    tourist- historian- journalist.

B. This text gives      information        an opinion- information- instruction.

Activity II

Read the text and answer the question.(Meaning and Use)

A.    What should a visitor ask the tour guide?

They don´t forget to ask a tour guide about area of Scotland they intend to visit

B.     What do Scots do on the Lord´s Day?

People don´t work; no cooking; no cleaning and no washing clothes. The Lord´s Day is for reading the Bible.

C.     What´s the name of men´s skirts in Scotland?

The skirts in Scotland are called Skilts

D.    What two attractions can´t you miss?

The Highland Games and The Pipe Bands.

E.     Which cities should you visit?   

Edinburg, City of Aberdeen, Golspie.

      Activity III

     Rewrite these typical tourist phrases.( Meaning and Use)

A.    the/ Experience/ excitement/ of/ land/ visiting/ our.

Experience the excitement of visiting our land.

B.     love/ A/ with/ in/ city/ fall/ to.

A city to fall in love with.

C.     Don´t/ the/ miss/ attractions.

Don´t miss the attractions.

D.    to/ places/ see/ Curious.

Curious places to see.

E.     scenes/ its/ Appreciate/ art/ vibrant.

Appreciate its vibrant art scenes.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQTuZhMFp3E

Activity I

Listen and complete ( Form, Meaning and Use)

Have you ever seen the beaches of Mexico?

Have you ever walked the streets of San Juan?

Have you ever been to Haiti?

Have you ever been to Spain?

Have you ever walked barefoot in a heavy rain?

Have you ever been in trouble?

Have you ever been in pain?

Have you ever been in love?

Would  you do it all again?

Well, I've never seen the beaches of Mexico.

I've never walked the streets of San Juan.

I've never been to Haiti.

I've never been to Spain.

I've never walked barefoot

in a heavy rain.

But I've sure been in trouble,

I've sure been in pain,

I've sure been in love,

I'd_do it all again.

Activity II

Listen the poem and identify specific information. Listen and answer orally Yes or No

a.       Has the poem been to Mexico?

No

b.      Has the poem been to San Juan?

No

c.       Has the author been to Haiti?

No

d.      Has the author been unhappy?

Yes

e.       Has the author been in love?

Yes

Activity III

Students hear the poem and spell the city and country name.( Form)

M E X I CO

H A I T I

S A N  J  U A N

S P A I N.

                                                         Nessie, a Scottish legend

There is a popular modern legend about a monster in Scotland. The monster lives in a long, narrow and deep lake called Lock Ness, near the town of Inverness. Local people call this monster Nessie and say that she is very big and that she has a long neck, like a snake.
But, does Nessie really exist? Some people say yes, some say no. Several photographs exist of the monster, but most of these are of inferior quality. They seem to show something with a long neck, a short body and a small head.
Scientists from all over the world want to discover more abuot the monster. They come with sophisticated instruments, powerfull telescopes and underwater photographic equipment but visibility under water is extremely poor. In fact, there is only one meter of clear water and the rest is murky.
The legend of the monster started in 1933 when a businessman and his wife were driving by the lake. Suddenly they saw a gray object that looked like a prehistoric animal moving in the water at about one km. away. Then it disappeared. The next day their story appeared in the British and international press and the Lock Ness Monster became famous instantly.
Over the years other people say that they have seen something that looked like a prehistoric monster in the lake, but no one has managed to catch it, so the monster still  remains a mistery today. This legendary animal attracts thousands of torists froom all over the world who come to Lock Ness hoping to see the monster and decide if she really exists, for themselves.
Maybe, one day Nessie will show her face to the world. Meanwhile, real or imaginary,Nessie has brought prosperity to the area bacause visitors buy everything from monster T- shirts to key- rings to take back home as a souvenir.

Activity I
Read the text and answer the questions
1. What´s the name of the Lake?
The name is Lock Ness
2. Where´s the Lake?
The Lake is in Scotland
3. Wat´s the monster´s name?
The monster´s name is Nessie
4. Who were the first people to see the monster?
A businessman and his wife
5. What souvenirs do visitors buy?
T- shirts, key- rings.

Activity II

To copy two sentences united with the conectors AND & BUT

 Local people call this monster Nessie and say that she is very big and that she has a long neck, like a snake.

 Several photographs exist of the monster, but most of these are of inferior quality. They seem to show something with a long neck, a short body and a small head.

Cátedra I

Methodology

English

Unit  III

8th grade

Topic Life in other countries

General Outcomes

Reading comprehension

In this unit: it is expected that students can read comprehensively informative, descriptive and narrative texts, short and simple texts related with “ Life in other countries”  to extract explicit information, and to comprehend and understand the principal ideas of the texts, the meaning of the thematic vocabulary and new words.

Specific  Outcomes

Reading comprehension

To read and demonstrate comprehension of information and principal ideas explicitly statled  in informative, descriptive and narrative texts, short and simple related with “ Life in other countries”.  Recognizing  vocabulary, identifying comparative expressions, recognizing possibility and ability expressions in past and present, recognizing frequency indicators in actions, recognizing comparative expressions.

Lesson Objectives

Students will be able to:

Identify general meaning

Distinguish main and secondary ideas

Predicts content

Orally express

Materials

World map

Whiteboard

Class book

Marker

Data

Procedure

The teacher greets students, checks the attendance, and then projects a word map in the whiteboard. Then the teacher shows icons of different countries like: Eiffel Tower in France, The Obelisco in Argentina, Statue of Liberty in the United States and The Big Ben in England.

The teacher asks each student to read aloud the icons history( two sentences each student).

The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France

The Eiffel Tower is a puddled iron laticce tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris. Built in 1889 as the entrance arch on the World´s Fair, it has become both a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world. The tower is the biggest building in Paris and the most visited paid monument in the world: millions of people ascend it every year. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower  

The Big ben in London, England

Big Ben is the nickname for the great bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London, and is generally extended to refer to the clock or the clock tower( officially known simply as Clock Tower) as well. The clock tower holds the largest four faced chiming clock in the world and is the third tallest free standing clock tower. It celebrated its 150th anniversary on 31 May 2009, during which celebratory events took place. The tower was completed in 1858 and has become one of the most prominent symbols of both London and England, often in the establishing shot films set in the city.

The Obelisco in Buenos Aires, Argentina

Obelisco de Buenos Aires( English: The Obelisk of Buenos Aires) is a national historic monument and icon of Buenos Aires. Located in the Plaza de la República, in the intersection of avenues Corrientes and 9 de Julio, it was built to commemorate the fourth centenary of the first fundation of the city.
In order to enrich the surrounding of the iconic monument, the goberment of the city started the project Punto Obelisco, creating a zone full of LED signs. Since the Obelisk of the city is always associated with the night and entertainment of Buenos Aires, this project creates a zone similar to Times Square in New York and Picadilly Circus in London.

Statue of Liberty in New York, USA

The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Liberté éclairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, designed by Frédéric Bartholdi and dedicated on October 28, 1886. The statue, a gift to the United States from the people of France, is of a robed female figure representing Libertas, the Roman goddess of freedom, who bears a torch and a tabula ansata (a tablet evoking the law) upon which is inscribed the date of the American Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue has become an icon of freedom and of the United States.

History of the icons provided by Wikipedia.

Then the teacher have to ask students what country would they like to know.

Body

Indicators:

Form the comparative form of a one syllable adjective adding ER

Form the superlative form of a one syllable adjective adding EST

                                                                Comparative                         Superlative      

old	older	oldest
long	longer	longest

E.G.  Argentina is longer than France.

With two or more syllable adjectives you form the comparative with MORE

With two or more syllable adjectives you form the superlative with MOST

                                                                    Comparative                        Superlative

peaceful	More peaceful	Most peaceful
dangerous	More dangerous	Most dangerous

E.G   The United States is more dangerous than England.

Closure

The teacher asks a reflection on the different topics

Assessment method

The teacher asks students about what they understood.

Textbook evaluation

Textbook evaluation

Reflection

This book has 8 Units separated in 4 modules: module 1 Music and literature, module 2 Contributions to the world, module 3 Bits of the Anglosaxon culture, and module 4 Sports and tourism.

In these 8 units students have to practice in the 4 skills: Reading comprehension, Listening comprehension, Speaking, and Writing. The 4 skills are developed at least.

Is important to mention the different Chilean artists includes in the textbook. Students can recognize them as a closer referent.

Oral presentation

Total Phisical Response (TPR) Asher (1977) Speech - Action

- Speech - Action (repeat)
- Positive mood
- Teachers plays an active and direct role
- Student ___ listener
               ___performer
- Activities___role plays
- A perfect method to teach young children and adults

The audiolingual method

- Foreing language
- Pattern grammar
- Drills ____ mechanical exercise
- Structured
- Phonetic, sintax, morphology.      

Oral presentation

The oral approach and situational language teaching

- The learner has to listen and repeat
- The teacher has the control of the content
- Language lerning is habit- formation
- It's useful for beginers.
- Put enphasis in grammar and pronuntation


Comunicative language teaching

- Comunication
- Contextualization
- Learner- centred and experience based
- Meaning is paramount
- Group work, pairs - interaction students.

Suggestopedia

- Autoritive
- Performance
- Unconcious
- Music therapy

The silent way

- Responsibility
- Autonomous
- Grammatical and lexical items are discovered by students
- Experienced learning
- Rods, charts, symbols.

Approach  → set of assumptions

       ↓

Method

       ↓

Tech

Theory of language   → Study of centences.

                                   → Structural → systems of  rules.

                                   → Functional → categories of function and meaning .

                                   → Interaccional → vehicle of social interaccion  and  transaccion exchange.

                                  

                                   →Meaningfull learning → learner´s experience.

Process - oriented :  habit, induction, inference, hypothesis, generalization.

Condition - oriented :  nature of the human, physical context.

Krashen’s Monitor Model of second language development  (1981)

Krashen distinguishes between  acquisition and learning:

Acquisition refers to the natural assimilation of language rules through using language for communication.

Learning refers to the formal study of language rules and is a conscious process.

Monitor

I+1

     Affective filter

↑input

Terrel ´s Natural approach (1977)

↓

Natural approach

↓

Condition for learning

L1=L2

Curran  on Counseling-Learning  (1972)

↓

Atmosphere → Conditions

It´s necessary to eliminate the feelings of intimidation and insecurity that many learners experience.  J

Asher  Total Physical Response (1977)

Physical motor activity

→ Lexical

→National

→Skills- based

→Grammatical- lexical

→Flexible

Gattegno´s Silent Way (1972-1976)

Condition → “ to feel secure”

Bloom → cognitive objective ( for example to read)

             →Affective objective ( for example work in group)

             →Kinesthetic – motor objective ( for example to create)

First class summary

Englsh
Practicum
Assessment
Teaching resources

Teaching English in Chile
Types of schools -Private
                            -Public
                            - Particular subvencionado.

Problems?
-Low motivation
-Not enough time
-Lack of control
-Cultural context
-Commited teachers ____ Qualified
-Lack of materials (resources)

How are we teaching english in chile ?

According to the video "Escuela Arcangel  Miguel" the english learning should be in all moment, they have a programme that consist in three days on intensive english, this programme is " integral y transversal". It's similar to stay two or three month in the school. 

I think that this model of teaching english is better than the traditional form, children can reforced the concepts of english and they can to conquer the fear of to talk in other tongue.

What is Methodology ?

Methodology is a field of study that was born from the great quantity of methods derived from different theorical standpoints.
The heightened of the awareness in the literature about the significant role of the sociocultural context in which language education is occurring is so important.

Methodology denote the study of the system or range of methods that are used in teaching, while a method is a single set of practices and procedures.

According to Richards and Rodgers three levels describe Metods: approach, design and procedure.

Methodological principles

To have an idea about methodology is important to consider in some aspects:

aproach: it refers to theories about the nature of language and language learning that serve as a source of practices and principles in language teaching. 

At least three different theorical viws of language. The first,is the structural view, is the most traditional.

The second is the functuonal view, that language is the vehicle for the expression of functional meaning.

THe third view is the interaccinal view, language is the vehicle for the realzationof interpersonal relation.